{smcl}
{* version 2.1  26Feb2009}{...}
{* 24Aug2006}{...}
{* 04Aug2005}{...}
{* 05Nov2003}{...}
{hline}
help for {hi:usesas} {right:manual:  {hi:[R] none}}
{right:dialog:  {hi: none}    }
{hline}


{title:Use a SAS dataset}

{p 8 17 2}{cmd:usesas}
{cmd:using} {it:filename}
[{cmd:,} 
{cmdab:for:mats}
{cmd:char2lab}
{cmdab:ch:eck}
{cmd:clear}
{cmd:float}
{cmd:xport}
{cmdab:de:scribe}
{cmdab:ke:ep(}{it:variable names}{cmd:)}
{cmd:if(}{it:SAS if statement}{cmd:)}
{cmd:in(}{it:firstobs/lastobs}{cmd:)}
{cmdab:qu:otes}
{cmdab:me:ssy}
]{p_end}

        
{title:Description}

{p 4 8 2} {cmd:NOTE:} Before the first use of {cmd:usesas} your {cmd:sasexe.ado} file may need to be edited to set 
the location of your SAS executable file (sas.exe) and your savastata SAS macro file (savastata.sas).  It may be 
that {cmd:usesas} will be able to run with the default settings in {cmd:sasexe.ado}.{p_end}

{p 4 4 2}  {cmd:usesas} loads a SAS datafile into memory.  This usually occurs by supplying {cmd:usesas} a SAS 
dataset (*.sas7bdat, *.sd7, *.sd2, *.ssd01, *.xpt, *.cport) or an SPSS portable file (*.por), 
but {cmd:usesas} can also load a SAS datafile into memory via a SAS program (*.sas) that creates a 
SAS dataset.  The last dataset created by the SAS program will be the SAS dataset processed by {cmd:usesas}.{p_end} 

{p 4 4 2}{cmd:usesas} assumes the most common SAS datafile extension {cmd:.sas7bdat} if no file extension/suffix is 
specified.{p_end}

{p 4 4 2}{cmd:usesas} uses the savastata SAS macro to create the Stata dataset from the SAS
dataset.  {cmd:usesas} downloads the savastata SAS macro and stores it where user-written
Stata ado-files are stored that begin with the letter "s".  This macro can be used in SAS.
Learn about savastata here: 
{browse "http://faculty.fuqua.duke.edu/home/blanc004/data_programming/sas_to_stata/savastata.html": http://faculty.fuqua.duke.edu/home/blanc004/data_programming/sas_to_stata/savastata.html}{p_end}

{p 4 4 2}{cmd:usesas} figures out how much memory the SAS dataset will require to be loaded into Stata
and sets Stata's memory for you if your memory setting is less than is required.{p_end}

{p 4 4 2}{cmd:usesas} indicates that it has finished running by reporting to you how many observations
and variables are in your dataset now in memory.  For example:{p_end}

{p 4 8}Stata reports that the dataset has 200 observations and 11 variables.{p_end}

{p 4 8 2}{cmd:NOTE:  usesas} calls SAS to run a SAS program.  This requires the ability to run SAS on your computer.{p_end}

 
{title:Options}

{p 4 8 2}{cmd:formats} specifies to create value labels from SAS user-defined formats that are stored 
in a SAS formats catalog file that has the same name as the dataset and is in the same directory
as the SAS dataset.  For example: MySasData.sas7bcat .  If this file doesn't exist, {cmd:usesas} will
look for the file formats.sas7bcat in the same directory as the dataset.{p_end}

{p 4 8 2}{cmd:char2lab} specifies to encode long SAS character variables like the Stata 
command {help encode :encode}.  Character variables that are too long for a Stata string 
variable are maintained in value labels. This is all done with the {cmd:char2fmt} SAS 
macro.{p_end}

{p 4 8 2}{cmd:check} specifies to generate basic stats for both datasets for the user to compare the 
newly created Stata dataset with the imported SAS dataset to make sure {cmd:usesas} created the files 
correctly.  This is a comparison that should be done after any datafile is converted to any other 
type of datafile by any software.  The SAS file is created in the same directory as the input SAS 
datafile and is named starting with the name of the datafile followed by "_SAScheck.lst" 
(SAS).  e.g. "mySASdata_SAScheck.lst"{p_end}

{p 4 8 2}{cmd:clear} specifies to clear the data currently in memory before running {cmd:usesas}.{p_end}

{p 4 8 2}{cmd:float} specifies that numeric variables that would otherwise be stored as numeric type
double be stored with numeric type float.  This option should only be used if you are certain you
have no integer variables that have more than 7 digits (like an ID variable).{p_end}

{p 4 8 2}{cmd:xport} specifies that the input dataset is a SAS Transport/Xport dataset.  Since there 
is no standard file extension for SAS Xport datasets, this option is required.  Datasets created 
by SAS's PROC CPORT procedure are allowed.{p_end}

{p 4 8 2}{cmd:describe} makes {cmd:usesas} act somewhat like the Stata command 
{help describe :describe using}.  It does not bring the full dataset into memory.  Instead it specifies for 
{cmd:usesas} only to load the descriptive information about the using dataset into Stata's memory as a 
Stata dataset and print it.  So, instead of loading the actual dataset into Stata, {cmd:usesas} loads 
the descriptive information (variable names, what type of variables they are, the variable labels and 
formats associated to the variables) into Stata as a dataset.  You can {help clear :clear} the 
descriptive data out of Stata's memory or use the descriptive data however you like to create variable 
lists for your actual invocation of {cmd:usesas}.  This may be helpful for situations where the SAS 
dataset has more variables than your version of Stata can handle.  You can create a variable list 
from the variable called "name" to create another invocation of {cmd:usesas} to read in only the 
variables you need.{p_end}

{p 8 8 2}If you do not want to have the {cmd:describe} option list the descriptive information of the 
imported dataset, you can use the option {cmd:listnot} with {cmd:describe}. The descriptive information 
will still be loaded into Stata as a Stata dataset.{p_end} 

{p 8 8 2}The descriptive data are sorted in the variable order of the using dataset so a variable list 
for {cmd:usesas} could be created like so:{p_end}

{p 8 8 2} {cmd:. display "`= trim(name[1])'--`= name[2047]'" }{p_end}

{p 8 8 2} {cmd:id--income88 }{p_end}


{p 8 8 2} which could then be used like so to keep the first 2,047 variables in the using dataset
(2,047 is the maximum number of variables that Stata Intercooled can handle):{p_end}

{p 8 8 2} {cmd:. usesas using "mySASdata.sas7bdat", clear keep(`= trim(name[1])'--`= name[2047]') }{p_end}

{p 8 8 2} SAS variable lists using two dashes "--" tells SAS to use the variables that exist
positionally between the first variable and the last variable in the using dataset inclusively.
Read more about this under the documentation of the {cmd:keep} option.{p_end}

{p 8 8 2}The {cmd:describe} option makes {cmd:usesas} return the following in {cmd:r()}:{p_end}

{synoptset 20 tabbed}{...}
{p2col 5 20 24 2: Scalars}{p_end}
{synopt:{cmd:r(N)}}number of observations in using dataset{p_end}
{synopt:{cmd:r(k)}}number of variables in using dataset{p_end}

{p2col 5 20 24 2: Macros}{p_end}
{synopt:{cmd:r(varlist)}}variables in using dataset {p_end}
{synopt:{cmd:r(sortlist)}}variables by which using data are sorted {p_end}

{p 8 8 2} The above scalars and macros contain information about the dataset that was described, 
not information of the dataset of descriptive information that {cmd:usesas} loaded into Stata 
with the {cmd:describe} option.{p_end}

{p 4 8 2}{cmd:keep} allows for a list of variables from the imported dataset to be read in.  This list is
used in the SAS code portion of {cmd:usesas} so must be written in the SAS variable list style.  SAS does
not allow for variable lists to contain stars (*) or question marks (?).  For example:{p_end}

{p 4 8 2}{cmd: keep(var1-var20)} includes only vars that start with "var" and end in a number between 1 and 20.{p_end}

{p 4 8 2}{cmd: keep(var1--var20)} includes only vars in the dataset between var1 and var20.  This is like Stata's 
{help varlist:varlist} style {cmd: var1-var20}.{p_end}

{p 4 8 2}{cmd:if} allows for a SAS {cmd:if} statement to subset the data before it's read in.  Any valid
SAS style {cmd:if} statement will work.{p_end}

{p 4 8 2}{cmd:in} allows for subsetting the data before it's read in.  Use only {cmd:#/#} where both numbers are 
positive, for example 1/30 for the first 30 observations.{p_end}

{p 4 8 2}{cmd:quotes} specifies that double quotes that exist in string variables are to be replaced 
with single quotes.  Since the data are written out to an ASCII file and then read into Stata, 
there are rare instances when double quotes are not allowed inside string variables.{p_end}

{p 4 8 2}{cmd:messy} specifies that all the intermediary files created by {cmd:usesas} during its operation
are not to be deleted.  The {cmd:messy} option prevents {cmd:usesas} from cleaning up after it has
finished.  This option is mostly useful for debugging purposes in order to find out where something went 
wrong.  All intermediary files have a name starting with an underscore "_" followed by the process ID and 
are located in Stata's temp directory.{p_end}

{title:Examples}

{p 4 8 2} {cmd:. usesas using "mySASdata.sas7bdat" }{p_end}

{p 4 8 2} {cmd:. usesas using "c:\data\mySASdata.ssd01", check }{p_end}

{p 4 8 2} {cmd:. usesas using "mySASdata.xpt", xport }{p_end}

{p 4 8 2} {cmd:. usesas using "mySASdata.sas7bdat", formats }{p_end}

{p 4 8 2} {cmd:. usesas using "mySASdata.sd2", quotes }{p_end}

{p 4 8 2} {cmd:. usesas using "mySASdata.sas7bdat", messy }{p_end}

{p 4 8 2} {cmd:. usesas using "mySASdata.sas7bdat", keep(id--qvm203a) if(1980<year<2000) in(1/500) }{p_end}

{p 4 8 2} {cmd:. usesas using "mySASdata.sas7bdat", describe }{p_end}

{p 4 8 2} {cmd:. usesas using "mySASdata.sas7bdat", describe nolist }{p_end}

{p 4 8 2} {cmd:// then submit the following actual invocation of usesas: }{p_end}

{p 4 8 2} {cmd:. usesas using "mySASdata.sas7bdat", clear keep(`r(sortlist)' `= trim(name[1])'--`= name[2047]') }{p_end}


{p 4 8 2} NOTE:  If you are setting up this program on your computer for the first time, please edit 
{cmd:sasexe.ado} to set the location of your SAS executable file (sas.exe).  If you do not, {cmd:usesas} 
will try to set it for you.  The {cmd:sasexe.ado} file is an ASCII text file and should be saved as such 
after editing.  Stata's {cmd:do-file} editor will do the trick.{p_end}

{title:Setting up usesas}

{p 4 8 2}{stata quietly adoedit sasexe:edit sasexe.ado} (click, to edit the {cmd:sasexe.ado} file, remember to save when done.){p_end}


{title:Author}

{p 4 4 2}
Dan Blanchette {break}
Center for Entrepreneurship and Innovation {break}
Duke University's Fuqua School of Business {break}
Dan.Blanchette@Duke.edu{p_end}


{title:Also see}

{p 4 13 2}On-line: {help use}, {help fdause}, {help savasas} (if installed){p_end}